HYDRODYNAMICS

Haun, J. E., E. W. Hendricks, F. R. Borkat, R. W. Kataoka, D. A. Carder, and N. K. Chun. 1983. Dolphin Hydrodynamics Annual Report, FY 82. NOSC TR 935, 82 pp.

Describes various studies undertaken in the course of an investigation of the hydro- dynamic characteristics of dolphins.

Haun, J. E., and E. W. Hendricks. 1990. Hydrodynamics. In: Yeurbook of Science and Technolagy - I991, pp. 188-190, McCraw-Hill, Inc. New York.

Discusses dolphin skin morphology and effects on drag reduction. Hendricks, E. W. and J. E. Haun. 1988. Dolphin Hydrodynamics. Phys. Today 41(1):S 39.

Summary of past and recent investigations of dolphin hydrodynamics and drag reduction.

Hui, C. A. 1987. Power and Speed of Swimming Dolphins. Jour. Mamm. 68:126-132.

Analysis of measured swimming speeds for dolphins of the Stenella-Delphinus mor- phology, using a conservative hydrodynamics model and a metabolic rate 13.4 times the projected resting metabolic rate, indicated that energy expenditure was entirely within expected ranges and no extraordinary mechanisms are necessary to explain observations.

Lang, T. G. 1963. Porpoise, Whales, and Fish: Comparison of Predicted and Observed Speeds. Naval Engineers Jour. May 1963, pp. 437-441.

Concludes that reported speeds of cetaceans and fish can be explained by an unusual extent of laminar flow.

Lang, T. G., and D. A. Daybell. 1963. Porpoise Performance Tests in a Seawater Tank. NOTS TP 3063, 50 pp.

A hydrodynamic study conducted with a trained Lagenorhynchus obliguidens in a long seawater tank revealed no unusual physiological or hydrodynamic phenomena. Because the tank conditions may have affected the animal's performance. F6urther tests in the open sea were recommended.

Lang, T. G., and K. S. Norris. 1966. Swimming Speed of a Pacific Bottlenosed Porpoise. Science 151:588- 590.

See next item.

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Lang, T. G., and K. S. Pryor. 1966. Hydrodynamic Performance of Porpoises (Stcnella attenuata). Science 152:531-533

The above two papers describe open-ocean speed runs of trained porpoises. Top speeds recorded were 16.1 knots (Tursiops gilli) and 21.4 knots (Stenella attenuata). The results compared closely with hiphest predictions based on rigid-body drag cal- culations and estimated available power output.

Lang, T. G. 1966. Hydrodynamic Analysis of Cetacean Performance. In: Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises, pp. 410-432, ed. K. S. Norris, U. of Calif. Press, Berkeley, CA.

A detailed discussion of cetacean hydrodynamic performance, presented at the First International Symposium on Cetacean Research held in Washington, DC in August 1963.

Lang, T. G. 1966. Hydrodynamic Analysis of Dolphin Fin Profiles. Nature 209:110-111.

Cross sections of dolphin fins were found to have a shape intermediate between two independently proposed hydrodynamic shapes believed to have superior characteris- tics .

Madigosky, W. M., G. F. Lee, J. Haun, F. Borkat, and R. Kataoka. 1983. Acoustic Sur- face Wave Measurements on Live Bottlenosed Dolphins. NSWC TR 83-312, 18 pp.

In connection with a hydrodynamics study, dolphin skin properties were measured by determining responses to acoustic surface waves generated at different locations on the dolphins.

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